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Calorie Restriction and Exercise Addiction Key Points Purpose Calorie restriction CR aims to lose weight and potentially decrease disease risk, while exercise addiction EA involves compulsive engagement in physical activity beyond what is healthy. Common overlap Individuals who restrict calories often combine this with excessive exercise, leading to a potential cycle of restriction and compulsion. Health risks Severely restrictive eating patterns may cause malnutrition, hormonal imbalances, and other health problems. Prolonged excessive exercise can lead to overuse injuries, mental health issues, and disrupted menstrual cycles in women. Psychological factors Both CR and EA may stem from deepseated beliefs about health, body image, or a fear of gaining weight. These factors can drive individuals to engage in behaviors that ultimately harm their wellbeing. Signs of exercise addiction An intense focus on exercise, often at the expense of other aspects of life Feeling restless or anxious when unable to exercise Continuing to exercise despite injury or illness Compromising social or professional obligations for exercise Using exercise as a means of coping with emotions Signs of calorie restriction Severely limiting food intake, often below recommended daily needs Avoiding certain food groups or meal skipping Feeling guilty about eating or experiencing anxiety around food Experiencing hunger, fatigue, or dizziness due to inadequate caloric intake Consequences of combining CR and EA Malnutrition and electrolyte imbalances from caloric deficits Overtraining and increased risk of injury from excessive exercise Disrupted menstrual cycles and potential for osteoporosis in women Social isolation and strained relationships due to prioritizing diet and exercise Mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, or eating disorders Treatment and support Seek the help of a registered dietitian, healthcare provider, or therapist who specializes in disordered eating or exercise habits. A comprehensive approach may involve Gradually increasing food intake and eliminating restrictive eating patterns Balancing exercise with other activities and setting realistic goals Developing a positive body image and healthy relationship with food and exercise Coping skills training to manage emotions and stress Prevention Focus on a balanced lifestyle that includes a variety of nutrientdense foods, regular but moderate physical activity, and ample rest and relaxation. Cultivate a positive selfimage and seek support from loved ones or professionals if struggling with disordered eating or exercise behaviors.